Surge suppressors are used to protect data acquisition devices such as resistance temperature detectors (RTDs), thermocouples (TCs), and 4-20ma process control loop systems.
Surge suppressors are used in networks to protect data and transmission lines, typically in ISDN and LAN applications (e.g., Ethernet, Token Ring, ARCNET).
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Metal oxide varistors (MOV) have high-energy capabilities, good reliability, and consistent performance. They also have a non-linear clamping curve and fatigue rapidly at higher amperage levels.
Silicon avalanche diodes have high clamping voltages, but a limited power-handling capacity that is destroyed easily by the power levels encountered in typical power-line surges. Silicon avalanche diodes are used most often in data-line protectors and on circuit boards as static protectors.
Gas tubes have higher energy capabilities than either MOVs or diodes. They typically consist of two electrodes held at a close distance so that high voltages between the electrodes simply arc through the air to effectively clamp the voltage. Gas tubes are very slow, but can handle very large surges.
Other, less commonly used technologies include spark gaps, selenium, and zener diodes.
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Maximum surge current is the maximum current allowed for a single impulse waveform with a continuous voltage applied. This value indicates the protection capacity of a particular surge suppressor design, and is used in specifying a product for a given application. A higher-level surge current capacity is required for a high-exposure application where there are very large transients present from lightning.
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DC energy absorption measures a surge suppressor's ability to absorb heat energy created by transient surges. Note that the Joule rating is not a part of IEEE or UL Standards.
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Typically, the surge suppressor's DC clamping voltage is much less than its AC clamping voltage for multiple outlet-type spuds (< 300 for phone and < 35 for TV).
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User may specify either, both, or neither of the limits in a "From - To" range; when both are specified, matching products will cover entire range. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
UL 497A is a specification for telephone surge suppressors. These requirements cover secondary protectors for use in single or multiple pair-type communications circuits, not cellular phones.
UL 1459 covers telecommunications products such as telephone answering devices, residential telephone instruments, telephone dialers, cordless phones, key systems, and private branch exchange (PBX) equipment. These devices are designed to be electrically-connected to a telecommunications network with an operating voltage to ground that does not exceed 200 V peak, 300 V peak-to-peak, and 150 V rms.
The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) is the administrator and coordinator of the U.S. private-sector voluntary standardization system. ANSI includes nearly 1000 company, organization, government agency, institutional, and international members.
CE marking indicates that a product complies with the essential requirements of relevant European Union (EU) directives that uphold national standards for health, safety, and environmental protection. CE Marking is required in the countries of the European Economic Area (EEA), an organization that consists of the twenty five member states of the EU and the three members of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA). CE Marking refers to the safety of a product. It is not a quality standard.
Products that bear a CSA Mark have been tested by the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) and meet applicable standards for safety and/or performance. These standards are written and administered by organizations such as the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), Underwriters Laboratories (UL), and CSA International.
CSA Marks may appear alone or with indicators. CSA Marks that appear alone are used with products certified primarily for the Canadian market, to the applicable Canadian standards. CSA Marks that appear with the indicators “C” and “US” or “NRTL/C” is used with products certified for both the U.S. and Canadian markets, to the applicable U.S. and Canadian standards.
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a global, non-profit organization that develops and maintains voluntary quality, safety, and performance standards for electrical materials, products, and systems The IEC also publishes standards for the electronics and telecommunications industries. The IEC’s membership consists of the electrotechnical standards organizations from each of its 51 member nations. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) represents the United States.
Underwriters Laboratories (UL) is a non-profit organization that tests components, systems, and materials according to its published standards for safety. Products that receive UL approval bear a UL Mark.
Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) is a European Union (EU) directive that requires all manufacturers of electronic and electrical equipment sold in Europe to demonstrate that their products contain only minimal levels of the following hazardous substances: lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyl and polybrominated diphenyl ether. RoHS will become effective on July 1, 2006.
Waste Electrical and Electronics Equipment (WEEE) is a European Union (EU) directive designed to encourage the reuse, recycling and recovery of electrical and electronic equipment. WEEE is also designed to improve the environmental impact and performance of this equipment. The WEEE directive establishes requirements and criteria for the collection, treatment, recycling and recovery of electrical and electronic equipment. It also makes producers responsible for financing these activities. Retailers and distributors must provide a way for consumers to return used or obsolete equipment without charge.
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The device has a toggle switch for turning the unit ON or OFF. Consult the manufacturer for information about whether surge protection is active when the device is OFF.
Devices have light emitting diodes (LEDs) or other visual indicators so that operators can determine if the unit is ON, grounded, etc.
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